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In the presence of asynchronous inhibition, changes in the average frequency of excitatory inputs modulated background simple spike firing frequencies in the natural range of Purkinje cell firing frequencies (30–100 Hz). This modulation was very sensitive to small changes in the average frequency of excitatory inputs. In addition, changes in inhibitory frequency caused a parallel shift of the relationship between excitatory input and spiking frequency. Because of the specific cerebellar circuitry, inhibitory inputs may allow Purkinje cells to detect small fluctuations in excitatory input at any mean frequency of input.